| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 1
| Issue : 2 | Page : 59-65 |
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The delta-like ligand 4-notch signaling inhibits tumor angiogenesis but promotes tumor growth in primary glioblastoma: An immunohistochemical study
Yao Chen1, Zhi-Xiong Lin2, Jin-Tao Chen3, Ming-Cheng Zheng3
1 Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
2 Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
3 Tumor Invasion Micro-Ecological Laboratory, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Zhi-Xiong Lin
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093
China
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_11_18
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Background: Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is a key Notch ligand implicated in tumor angiogenesis. However, previous studies have shown that the DLL4-Notch signaling inhibits tumor angiogenesis but promotes tumor progression in primary glioblastoma. The underlying mechanism remains unknown.
Methods: Tumor tissues from 70 patients with primary glioblastoma were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of DLL4, microvessel density (MVD), and Ki67 labeling index. The degree of tumor contrast enhancement (DTCE) on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was also evaluated. The effect on prognosis was assessed based on Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard models.
Results: Results showed that the DTCE was negatively correlated with DLL4 but positively correlated with MVD (r = −0.260, 0.593, P < 0.05). The Ki67 labeling index was shown to be positively correlated with both DLL4 and MVD (r = 0.346, 0.346, P < 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated a significant correlation of high DLL4 and Ki67 labeling index expression with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed high DLL4 and MVD expression as unfavorable prognostic indicators for PFS and OS (P < 0.05), and the hazard ratio of DLL4 was higher than MVD for both PFS and OS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: We conclude that the DLL4-Notch signaling improves tumor vascular function and contributes to the survival of malignant cells, resulting in less MVD but more tumor progression in primary glioblastoma.
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